This study identified several DNA methylation changes associated with the development of insulin resistance over a 6-year period, with key epigenetic sites in genes such as REPIN1, BMP2, LINC01723, and SEL1L2. Higher vitamin B12 intake was associated with beneficial epigenetic modifications, particularly in REPIN1 and DNAAF9, which mediated reduced insulin resistance, whereas higher total sugar intake promoted diabetes risk through epigenetic changes at cg26719314. Overall, the findings demonstrate that dietary factors, especially vitamin B12 and sugar intake, can influence type 2 diabetes risk by altering epigenetic regulation of genes involved in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Source : https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12263-026-00813-z
