This study evaluated casein hydrolysate containing the lactotripeptides Val-Pro-Pro (VPP) and Ile-Pro-Pro (IPP) in resistance trained men over four weeks in a placebo controlled design. Supplementation particularly at the higher dose significantly increased thigh circumference and lean body mass, while also enhancing perceived muscle pump, reducing post exercise fatigue, and improving motivation for subsequent training sessions. These effects are linked to improved vascular function, as VPP and IPP are known to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), supporting nitric oxide availability and promoting vasodilation, which enhances blood flow to working muscles. Improved circulation likely contributed to greater nutrient delivery, muscle cell swelling, and training adaptation, thereby supporting hypertrophy and recovery. The findings suggest that VPP- and IPP enriched casein hydrolysate enhances muscle pump, vascular response, and resistance training outcomes in trained individuals.
Source : https://journalofexerciseandnutrition.com/index.php/JEN/article/view/214
