Dileucine, a di-peptide composed of two leucine molecules (L-leucyl-L-leucine), is emerging as a next-generation amino acid ingredient for muscle health, particularly in the context of sarcopenia, because it is absorbed via the PEPT1 peptide transporter rather than standard amino-acid pathways, enabling faster and more efficient delivery of leucine to muscle tissue; this is especially relevant in aging populations where anabolic resistance blunts the muscle protein synthesis (MPS) response to free leucine, and preclinical and human data highlighted by NutraIngredients indicate that dileucine can achieve substantially higher intramuscular leucine availability than free leucine, translating into improved strength and muscular endurance outcomes in intervention studies, positioning dileucine as a promising tool to better trigger MPS and support muscle maintenance and functional performance as muscle loss risk increases with age.