The study evaluated the effects of topical chamomile oil (Matricaria chamomilla) on infants with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in a randomized double-blind clinical trial involving infants aged 0–12 months. The chamomile oil treatment significantly improved both the severity and extent of atopic dermatitis compared with the control group, as assessed using the SCORAD index over a two-week treatment period. The oil helped reduce skin itching, dryness, irritation, and inflammatory symptoms, while also supporting skin hydration and restoration without causing notable side effects. These benefits are associated with the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and soothing properties of chamomile constituents such as α-bisabolol, chamazulene, and flavonoids, which help suppress inflammatory mediators and calm irritated skin. Overall, the findings suggest that topical chamomile oil may serve as a safe and effective natural approach for improving atopic dermatitis symptoms and supporting skin barrier recovery in infants.