Caffeine, the world’s favorite pick-me-up found in coffee, tea, chocolate, and even energy drinks, is under the microscope. With trendy new products and shifting habits boosting intake, regulators are worried about overload especially for at-risk groups like pregnant women, kids, teens, young adults, and those with heart issues or mental health challenges.
Our deep dive into the science shows good news for healthy adults: moderate caffeine is generally safe. But for vulnerable folks, it can spell trouble, disrupting heart rhythm, sleep quality, and even fueling substance use. We spotlight key research gaps and call for smarter studies to guide safe limits ahead.