In a 6-week study, omega-3, inulin fibre, and a synbiotic (kefir + prebiotic) all reduced inflammatory markers. Omega-3 and inulin lowered TNF-α, while the synbiotic showed broader and stronger reductions in IL-6, IFN-γ, and other immune markers. Synbiotic benefits were linked to higher butyrate levels. Overall, all supplements reduced inflammation, with the synbiotic showing the greatest effect.