This review analyzes the contribution of energy metabolism and redox imbalance to neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cerebral organic acidurias, and evaluates selected nutraceuticals as neuroprotective adjuvants. It focuses on creatine, acetyl-L-carnitine, melatonin, and resveratrol, emphasizing their roles in regulating mitochondrial bioenergetics, ATP buffering, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Creatine supports phosphocreatine-based energy homeostasis, acetyl-L-carnitine enhances mitochondrial function and acetylcholine synthesis, melatonin provides mitochondrial protection through antioxidant and circadian mechanisms, and resveratrol modulates redox and survival pathways via sirtuin and AMPK signaling. Although clinical evidence remains limited, the review highlights these compounds as mechanistically grounded, low-toxicity candidates for supporting therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic and oxidative dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
Source : https://www.mdpi.com/1661-3821/6/1/1
