This randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial evaluated the neurocognitive effects of a polyphenol-rich nutraceutical (Juice Plus+ Premium®), a blend containing over 119 phenolic compounds including flavanols and anthocyanins. Daily consumption over 16 weeks significantly improved cognitive performance in healthy adults, evidenced by enhanced scores on the Stroop Test (selective attention) and the RIST (general cognitive ability). Crucially, this cognitive benefit was strongly correlated with a notable elevation in plasma levels of the neurotrophic factors BDNF and CREB , confirming that the mechanism of action involves the modulation of signaling pathways associated with synaptic plasticity and a reduction in oxidative stress, reinforcing the product’s neuroprotective potential.